Chida chapadera

Chithunzi chili apa chikusonyeza chikutiro cha Mtanthauziramawu wathu wa Chichewa/Chinyanja. Bukuli ndi chida chapadera kwa anthu okhala m’madera olankhula Chichewa/Chinyanja a Pakati pa Afrika, makamaka ku Malawi ndi Zambia. Pokhala Mtanthauziramawu yekhayo, bukuli ndi chida chofunikira kwambiri kwa anthu a ku Afrika komanso anthu a mitundu ina ogwira ntchito zawo m’maikowa, alendo, ophunzira komanso aphunzitsi, ndinso iwo  amene amagwiritsa ntchito Chichewa ndi Chingerezi pogwira ntchito za sayansi kapena maphunziro.

Ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri ali ovutika ndi umphawi wadzaoneni, matenda komanso mavuto odza chifukwa cha kusiyana zikhalidwe. Kusapita patsogolo kwa maphunziro ndi chitukuko zili zina mwa zotsatira za izi, ndipo izi zadzetsa mavuto aakulu. Ogwiritsa ntchito Mtanthauziramawu uyu ali kupatsidwa kuthekera kwa kupyola pa mikwingwirima ya chilankhulo yotere. Pulojekiti yathu ya Mtanthauziramawu ikupenyetsetsa maka pa sukulu ndi malo ena ophunzirira. Tili ndi chiyembekezo kuti tidzatha kupeza chuma choti nkusindikizira mabuku ochuluka zedi a bukuli kuti nkutha kugawa kwaulere kwa ophunzira m’sukulu za sekondale, maka iwo amene ali ana amasiye ndi aphunzitsi awo.

Chichewa/Chinyanja: chilankhulo chofunikira

Kuyambira 1997, ine ndakhala ndili kugwira ntchito zanga ku Malawi, monga nzika komanso bwenzi lochita kuyendera. Ndinaphunzitsa pa Zomba Theological College kwa pafupifupi zaka khumi ndipo ndinakhala ndi chidwi chachikulu mu zikhalidwe zina ndi zina za anthu a ku Afrika. Tsopano, pamene tiyang’ana ndi maso apatali kuchokera kuno ku The Netherlands, timagwirabe ntchito zathu ndi dziko la Malawi. ndi kuchokera mmenemu pamene Mtanthauziramawu wa Chichewa/Chinyanja anabadwa. Chifukwa chiyani? Chilankhulo cha Chingerezi chapezeka kukhala chofunikira kwambiri pakati pa anthu a Pakati ndi Kummwera kwa Dziko la Afrika. Komabe, zilankhulo za anthu eni ndiye zakhala zida zofunikira kwambiri za kulumikizana pakati pa anthu. Kwa anthu oposa 15 miliyoni a ku Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana ndiponso South Afrika, Chichewa kapena kuti Chinyanja ndiye chakhala chilankhulo chawo cha tsiku ndi tsiku. Chilankhulo cha Achewa kapena kuti Anyanja chakhala chikukhala chofunikira ndi champhamvu maka poganizira ntchito za kagwiritsidwe kake pa kulemba ndi kulankhula, ndiponso chifukwa anthu ochuluka a ochilankhulawo azindikira ndipo amalimbikitsa kwambiri za mphatso yaikulu ya kulankhula imene iwo ali nayo. Ichi nchifukwa chake chakhala chilankhulo cholumikizitsa anthu onse okhala ku Malawi, ndiponso anthu ochuluka okhala mu madera onse a Pakati ndi Kumwera kwa Dziko la Afrika.

Mpungwepungwe wa chilankhulo

Panthawi imene ine ndinali kukhala mu Malawi, ndinaona mpungwepungwe waukulu wa chilankhulo umene umakhalapo chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa zikhalidwe komanso zilankhulo. Kunena zoona, mpungwepungwe umenewu umakhudza kwambiri magawo onse a kaphunziridwe komanso nkhani za kulumikizanitsa pakati pa anthu. Indedi, mu sukulu ndiye mmene vutoli limaonekera koposa madera ena kwambiri. Vuto la kusamvana pa chilankhulo limakhudza kwambiri anthu osauka, osadziwa kulemba ndi kuwerenga, ana amasiye komanso anthu odwala, popeza izi zimawalepheretsa kuti athe kuyenderana ndi anzawo komanso kuti athe kupeza chithandizo. Ophunzira a Chichewa ndi Chingerezi anali pa umphawi waukulu pamene kunalibe mabuku a Mtanthauziramawu a mu zilankhulo zawo. Mwa ichi ine ndinali nawo mwayi wa kutolera mawu osiyanasiyana ndi kulemba mabuku a Mtanthauziramawu, a Chingerezi - Chichewa (EC) ndiponso Chichewa – Chingerezi (CE). Ma Donors  ena anandithandiza kuti ndithe kusindikiza ndi kufalitsa mabukuwa. Mu kupita kwa nthawi zikwi makumi-makumi za mabuku za mabuku akhala ali kuperekedwa kwaulere maka kwa ana ophunzira mu sukulu za sekondare. Pofika mwezi wa January ndi February 2009 mabuku awiriwa anali atatha ndipo kuti sitinathe kuwasindikizanso.

Tinaganiza zophatikiza mabuku awiri a EC ndi CE kukhala buku limodzi. Mu chaka cha 2009 mbiri ya  Mtanthauziramawu wa CE-EC inayambika.  Mu chaka cha 2010, kusindikiza kwachiwiri kunachitika ndipo tikuganiza za kusindikiza bukuli kwachitatu pofika mayambiriro a chaka cha 2012. Bukuli lakhala likukulirakulira kuchokera pa buku la masamba 730 kufika pa masamba 900 (A5)  ndi mawu pafupifupi 45,000. Zikwizikwi za mabuku zakhala zikuperekedwa kwaulere kwa ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi mu Malawi ndi Zambia. Ogwiritsa ntchito ena akhala ali kugula kwa ife kapenanso kupyolera mu sitolo zogulitsa mabuku za mu Malawi ndi Zambia.
Kuonjezera apo, ntchito yotamandika inachitika pamene buku la Mtanthauziramawu wa CE-EC linakhazikitsidwa pa makina a Intaneti,  http://translate.chichewadictionary.org pa 28 May chaka cha 2010.  Ife tikukhulupilira kuti mabuku a pepala ndi pa makina a intanetiwa adzakhala ali kuthandizirana pokopera anthu ogwiritsa ntchito komanso kulimbikitsa anthu akufuna kwabwino kuti angathandize ntchito imeneyi ndi thandizo la ndalama. Tikupitirizanso ntchito ya kukonza ndi kufufuzafufuza komanso kutolera mawu ena oti nkudzalowetsedwa mu mabuku a mtsogolo. Ntchito ya kulemba zamkati mwa buku komanso kutsogolera ntchito ya kusindikiza ndi kufalitsa zimafunikira chidwi chachikulu, maka pa nkhani za ukadaulo wa nzeru, kayendetsedwe koyenera komanso chuma.

Kapezedwe ka chuma cha pulojekiti

Kuchita kafukufuku, kusindikiza mabuku komanso kufalitsa mabuku zimasowekera ndalama zambiri. Kuyambira pachiyambi pa mbiri ya mabuku a Mtanthauziramawu a Chichewa/Chinyanja, mu chaka cha 1854, ntchitoyi yakhala kwambiri ikudalira thandizo la ndalama zochokera ku maiko a kunja, mwachitsanzo Mpingo wa Anglican kudzera mwa ntchito zake za Church Missionary Society, maka mwa bungwe lake la ntchito za mishoni la Universities’ Mission to Central Africa, ndiponso bungwe lake la Society for  Promoting Christian Knowledge, Mpingo wa ku Scotland, komanso wa Free Church of Scotland, African Lakes Company, bungwe la National Education Company of Zambia, gulu la anthu Ogwira ntchito Modzipereka la the US Peace Corps, sukulu ya ukachenjede ya University of South Africa, chipani cha Mpingo wa Katolika cha Fransiscan, komanso Mpingo wa Zambesi Industrial Mission.

Mabuku awa a makono a Mtanthauziramawu anakhala akulandira thandizo la chuma kuchokera kwa anthu akufuna kwabwino, makamaka anthu ndi mabungwe otsatirawa, potsatira ndondomeko ya matchulidwe a maina awo: Burgland, Charitas, Edukans, Evanaid, Koekoek H.M  ndi A.A, Liberty, Metgezel, Oikonomos, Protestants Steunfonds, Rotterdam, Share4More, Stephanos, Verheij Consultancy, Weeshuis der Doopsgezinden, Werkgroep Zambia.

Polimbikitsidwa ndi nyumba zosindikiza mabuku komanso sitolo zogulitsa mabuku, msika waukulu unakhazikitsidwa mu madera onse olankhula Chichewa/Chinyanja a mu Afrika. Kugulitsa mabuku a Mtanthauziramawu kwathandiza kupeza ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito, koma izi mpang’ono chabe. Tikukhulupilira kuti ndondomeko yabwino ya kagulitsidwe ka mabukuwa idzapitilira ndi kulimbikitsidwa ndi chitukuko chimene chikubwera cha maphunziro komanso pa chuma. Gulu lalikulu la anthu limatha kugula mabukuwa kudzera mu sitolo zogulitsira mabuku za ku Malawi ndi Zambia. Komatu anthu ochuluka zedi sanayambepo alowa ndi kuona kuti mkati mwa sitolo yogulitsira mabuku mumaoneka motani. Chikhalirecho ambiri a iwowa ndi achichepere, maka ophunzira m’sukulu zosiyanasiyana. Iwo akufunikiradi Mtanthauziramawu uyu. Tikukhulupilira kuti mabungwe ambiri omwe samayendetsedwa ndi boma (NGOs), maofesi a boma, sukulu zambiri, mipingo komanso mabungwe ndi magulu osiyanasiyana adzakhala ali kugulira mabukuwa kwa antchito awo, ophunzira kapenanso  achibale awo. Pa buku lililonse limene iwo angagule, ife tikhoza kulipirapo buku limodzi kwa mwana wasukulu wa chiMalawi kapena wa ku Zambia amene sangathe kudzigulira mwa iye yekha.

Kufikira tsopano, mbiri ya kasindikizidwe  ka mabuku a  m’Chichewa kakhala kodalira kwambiri pa thandizo la maiko akunja.  Koma ife tili ndi chikhulupiliro kuti atsogoleri a ntchito za maphunziro a maiko olankhula Chichewa/Chinyanja akudziwa kufunikira kwake kwa kuzindikira udindo wawo pa mabuku a chinenero.  Chitsanzo chabwino ndi mmene limagwirira ntchito zake bungwe la Centre for Language Studies la University of Malawi komanso Malawi Institute of Education  ku Domasi. Iwo akuzindikira kufunikira kwa kuyikirapo mtima kwa anthu a mu Afrika pa ntchito ya kutolera ndi kulemba mabuku a chinenero.  Pa nthawi yomweyo, Afrika asachite manyazi kuthandizidwa mu ntchito imeneyi ndi magulu a maiko kapena mabungwe othandiza komanso akatswiri a zilankhulo. Mu nthawi ino imene anthu onse ali olumikizana ngati anthu mudzi umodzi wa dziko lapansi, anthu a ku Mpoto ndi Kummwera akuyenera kugwirira ntchito zawo limodzi kuti ziwathandize onse limodzi. Mabuku a Mtanthauziramawu ali kugwira ntchito ya kukwirira phompho la kusalankhulana.

Kupempha chithandizo

Pomwe inu mungathandize ntchito imeneyi, ndiye kuti mudzakhala mukutengapo gawo la kuthana ndi mavuto a za maphunziro mu madera olankhula Chichewa/Chinyanja a  mu Afrika. Mtanthauziramawu  amachepetsa kusamvana kumene kungakhalepo pakati anthu olankhula Chingerezi ndi olankhula Chichewa/Chinyanja. Chonde taganizirani kuti Pulojekitiyi simaphatikizapo ndalama zofunikira potolera ndi kulemba mawu, kukonza ndi kusanja kwa buku ngakhalenso buku la pa makina a Intaneti, popeza ntchito zimenezi zakhala zikuchitidwa kwaulere, poganizira ndi kuthandiza anthu a ku Malawi ndi Zambia.
Tabwanyani batani lolemba ‘How to Contribute?’ (Ndingathandize bwanji?),  limene lidzakusonyezani inu mmene mungathandizire pa Pulojekiti imeneyi.
Ganizirani chimene inu chingakukondweretseni kwambiri kuchita.

Zikomo kwambiri!

Steven Paas